Surrealism term was revived in 1924 by which founder?

• A. André Breton
• B. Guillaume Apollinaire
• C. Salvador Dalí
• D. Jean Cocteau

Answer: (A)

André Breton is the one who revived the term in 1924 and is considered the founder of Surrealism. He published the Surrealist Manifesto that year, outlining the movement’s aim to unlock the unconscious mind and express thoughts free from rational control. This manifesto and Breton’s leadership organized artists and writers around methods like automatic writing, dream imagery, and unexpected juxtapositions, defining what Surrealism would become. While Guillaume Apollinaire used the word earlier to describe dreamlike aspects, it was Breton who established Surrealism as a consolidated movement. Dalí and Cocteau became key contributors later, but the movement’s origins trace back to Breton’s 1924 manifesto.